Bird anatomy, or the physiological structure of birds'bodies, shows many unique adaptations, mostly aiding flight.
From the en.wikipedia.org
It was his comparison between the eye and the camera obscura which brought about his synthesis of anatomy and optics, which forms the basis of physiological optics.
From the en.wikipedia.org
Following from the Middle Ages, the Renaissance brought an increase of physiological research in the Western world that triggered the modern study of anatomy and physiology.