Coal mining was very dangerous owing to the presence of firedamp in many coal seams.
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Most of the explosions were caused by firedamp ignitions followed by coal dust explosions.
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It is thought that the explosion was caused by firedamp igniting upon contact with a candle.
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Sir Humphry Davy had discovered that a flame enclosed inside a mesh of a certain fineness cannot ignite firedamp.
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Most of the deaths in coal mine disasters were caused by inhalation of the toxic gases produced by firedamp explosions.
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Firedamp explosions continued, often setting off coal dustexplosions, so casualties grew during the entire 19th century.
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In the first half of the 19th century there were many disasters, many caused by firedamp and inadequate ventilation.
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Rusting of the gauze quickly made the lamp unsafe, and the number of deaths from firedamp explosions rose yet further.
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Firedamp explosions can trigger the much more dangerous coal dust explosions, which can engulf an entire pit.
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More examples
A mixture of gases (mostly methane) that form in coal mines and become explosive when mixed with air
Firedamp is a flammable gas found in coal mines. It is the name given to a number of flammable gases, especially methane. It is particularly commonly found in areas where the coal is bituminous. ...
Any mixture of methane and air is firedamp. If the methane content in air is between 5% and 14% the mixture will explode and this has been the source of many explosions in coal mines. If above 15% the mixture will burn and hence the name firedamp.
Methane gas naturally found in coal seams - highly inflammable and explosive.