Cudbear is a dye extracted from orchil lichens that produces colours in the purple range.
From the en.wikipedia.org
These compounds are very useful for lichen identification, and have had economic importance as dyes such as cudbear or primitive antibiotics.
From the en.wikipedia.org
Cudbear is one of the few natural dyes to be credited to a named individual, Dr Cuthbert Gordon of Scotland, who patented the process of its production in 1758.
From the en.wikipedia.org
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Orchil: a purplish dye obtained from orchil lichens
Orcein, also archil, orchil, lacmus, litmus, Citrus Red 2, and C.I. Natural Red 28, are names for dyes extracted from several species of lichen, also called orchella weeds, found in various parts of the world. The manufacture was described by Cocq in 1812 and in the UK in 1874 . ...
Cudbear is a purple dye from the lichen Roccella tinctoria which also produces archil and litmus.^[4]