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How to pronounce concomitant in English?

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[Music]
[Applause]
while the etiology and pathophysiology
of schizophrenia remain unclear a large
body of evidence suggests that
alterations in several neurotransmitters
systems including dopamine and serotonin
may be involved in the
pathophysiological processes and are
thought to be associated with the
development of symptoms
the potential role of the dopamine
system in schizophrenia has been
researched for many years including four
of the dopaminergic pathways
the central dopamine hypothesis for
schizophrenia states that there may be
dysregulation of two dopaminergic
pathways the mesolimbic and mesocortical
pathways
it is theorized that an imbalance in
these pathways may be involved in
mediating the symptoms of schizophrenia
for example as such it is postulated
that some of these symptoms are a result
of hyperdopaminergic activity in the
mesolimbic pathway and hypodopaminergic
activity in the mesocortical pathway
two other pathways to note are the
nigrostriatal and the tubero
infundibular pathways
the potential role of serotonin also
known as 5-ht in the pathogenesis and
treatment of schizophrenia has also been
extensively studied
quantitative differences in several five
ht receptors have been found in
schizophrenia by several investigators
and pharmacological alterations in
serotonin systems have been correlated
with symptoms of schizophrenia
[Music]
the intrinsic activity of any drug is
the degree to which the drug activates a
receptor a drug that produces activation
of the receptor is considered an agonist
endogenous chemicals neurotransmitters
and drugs that produce the maximal
response are considered full agonists in
other words full agonists are expected
to have full intrinsic activity
in contrast to an agonist an antagonist
binds to a receptor and prevents binding
by other molecules therefore blocking
the stimulation by an agonist or of the
endogenous chemical or neurotransmitter
thus antagonists do not have intrinsic
activity
another classification of drugs is
partial agonists these drugs can bind to
a receptor but evoke a lesser response
than a full agonist
the ability to produce a partial effect
is generally attributed to the partial
intrinsic activity
the atypical antipsychotics available
today have affinity for various
receptors and depending on the agent and
the receptors involved these drugs have
combinations and degrees of intrinsic
activity including agonism antagonism
and partial agonism
abilify maintenance era piprazole is the
first long-acting injectable formulation
of a dopamine d2 partial agonist abilify
maintenance indicated for the treatment
of schizophrenia
efficacy was demonstrated in a
placebo-controlled randomized withdrawal
maintenance trial in patients with
schizophrenia and additional support for
efficacy was derived from oral
aeropiper's old trials
the atypical antipsychotic abilify
maintenance has a boxed warning
increased mortality in elderly patients
with dementia related psychosis
elderly patients with dementia related
psychosis treated with antipsychotic
drugs are at an increased risk 1.6 to
1.7 times of death compared to placebo
4.5 versus 2.6 percent respectively
analyses of 17 placebo-controlled trials
modal duration of 10 weeks largely in
patients taking atypical antipsychotic
drugs revealed a risk of death in
drug-treated patients of between 1.6 to
1.7 times the risk of death in placebo
treated patients over the course of a
typical 10-week controlled trial the
rate of death in drug-treated patients
was about 4.5 percent compared to a rate
of about 2.6 percent in the placebo
group although the causes of death were
varied most of the deaths appear to be
cardiovascular such as heart failure or
sudden death or infectious such as
pneumonia in nature abilify maintenance
is not approved for the treatment of
patients with dementia-related psychosis
the mechanism of action of aripiprazole
in the treatment of schizophrenia is
unknown
however the efficacy of aripiprazole may
be mediated through a combination of
partial agonist activity at d2 and 5
ht1a receptors and antagonist activity
at 5 ht 2a receptors
actions at receptors other than d2 5
ht1a and 5ht2a
may explain some of the other adverse
reactions of aripiprazole for example
the orthostatic hypotension observed
with aripiprazole may be explained by
its antagonist activity at adrenergic
alpha-1 receptors
[Music]
in schizophrenia it is thought that
there is a hyper-dopaminergic
environment in the mesolimbic pathway
the mechanism of action of aripiprazole
in the treatment of schizophrenia is
unknown
through aripiprazole's proposed
mechanism of action aripiprazole may
help decrease dopamine activity in a
hyper dopaminergic environment and it is
also believed that there is a
hypodopaminergic environment in the
mesocortical pathway
it is thought that aripiprazole may help
increase dopamine activity in a
hypodopaminergic environment
the mechanism of action of aripiprazole
in the treatment of schizophrenia is
unknown
abilify maintenance is the first
commercially available long-acting
injectable formulation of a dopamine
partial agonist
[Music]
indication and important safety
information for abilify maintenance
aeropresol for extended release
injectable suspension
indication abilify maintenance is an
atypical antipsychotic indicated for the
treatment of schizophrenia efficacy was
demonstrated in a placebo-controlled
randomized withdrawal maintenance trial
in patients with schizophrenia and
additional support for efficacy was
derived from oral era pipper's old
trials
important safety information increased
mortality in elderly patients with
dementia related psychosis
elderly patients with dementia related
psychosis treated with antipsychotic
drugs are at an increased risk 1.6 to
1.7 times of death compared to placebo
4.5 percent versus 2.6 percent
respectively analyses of 17
placebo-controlled trials modal duration
of 10 weeks largely in patients taking
atypical antipsychotic drugs revealed a
risk of death in drug-treated patients
of between 1.6 to 1.7 times the risk of
death in placebo treated patients over
the course of a typical 10-week
controlled trial the rate of death in
drug-treated patients was about 4.5
percent compared to a rate of about 2.6
percent in the placebo group although
the causes of death were varied most of
the deaths appear to be cardiovascular
such as heart failure or sudden death or
infectious such as pneumonia in nature
abilify maintenance is not approved for
the treatment of patients with dementia
related psychosis
contraindication
known hypersensitivity reaction to
aripiprazole reactions have ranged from
pruritus urticaria to anaphylaxis
cerebrovascular adverse events including
stroke increased incidence of
cerebrovascular adverse events such as
stroke transient ischemic attack
including fatalities have been reported
in clinical trials of elderly patients
with dementia related psychosis treated
with oral aripiprazole
neuroleptic malignant syndrome nms a
potentially fatal symptom complex
sometimes referred to as nms may occur
with administration of antipsychotic
drugs including abilify maintenance rare
cases of nms occurred during
aripiprazole treatment signs and
symptoms of nms include hyperpyrexia
muscle rigidity altered mental status
and evidence of autonomic instability
such as irregular pulse or blood
pressure tachycardia diaphoresis and
cardiac dysrhythmia additional signs may
include elevated creatine phosphokinase
myoglobinuria rhabdomyolysis and acute
renal failure
the management of nms should include one
immediate discontinuation of
antipsychotic drugs and other drugs not
essential to concurrent therapy
two intensive symptomatic treatment and
medical monitoring and three treatment
of any concomitant serious medical
problems for which specific treatments
are available
tardive dyskinesia td the risk of
developing td a syndrome of abnormal
involuntary movements and the potential
for it to become irreversible are
believed to increase as the duration of
treatment and the total cumulative dose
of antipsychotic increase
the syndrome can develop although much
less commonly after relatively brief
treatment periods at low doses
prescribing should be consistent with
the need to minimize td there is no
known treatment for established td
although the syndrome may remit
partially or completely if antipsychotic
treatment is withdrawn
metabolic changes atypical antipsychotic
drugs have been associated with
metabolic changes that include
hyperglycemia diabetes mellitus
hyperglycemia in some cases extreme and
associated with ketoacidosis coma or
death has been reported in patients
treated with atypical antipsychotics
including aripiprazole patients with
diabetes should be regularly monitored
for worsening of glucose control those
with risk factors for diabetes should
undergo baseline and periodic fasting
blood glucose testing any patient
treated with atypical antipsychotics
should be monitored for symptoms of
hyperglycemia including polydipsia
polyuria polyphasia and weakness
patients who develop symptoms of
hyperglycemia should also undergo
fasting blood glucose testing in some
cases hyperglycemia has resolved when
the atypical antipsychotic was
discontinued however some patients
required continuation of anti-diabetic
treatment despite discontinuation of the
suspect drug
dyslipidemia undesirable alterations in
lipids have been observed in patients
treated with atypical antipsychotics
there were no significant differences
between aripiprazole and placebo treated
patients in the proportion with changes
from normal to clinically significant
levels for fasting non-fasting total
cholesterol fasting triglycerides
fasting low-density lipoproteins ldls
and fasting non-fasting high-density
lipoproteins hdls
weight gain
weight gain has been observed clinical
monitoring of weight is recommended
orthostatic hypotension
may cause orthostatic hypotension
abilify maintenance should be used with
caution in patients with known
cardiovascular disease cerebrovascular
disease or conditions which would
predispose them to hypotension
leukopenia neutropenia and a
granulocytosis
leukopenia neutropenia and a
granulocytosis have been reported
patients with a history of clinically
significant low white blood cell wbc
count or drug-induced leukopenia
neutropenia should have their complete
blood count monitored frequently during
the first few months of therapy while
receiving abilify maintenance in such
patients consider discontinuation of
abilifying maintenance at the first sign
of a clinically significant decline in
wbc count in the absence of other
causative factors
seizures convulsions abilify maintenance
should be used with caution in patients
with a history of seizures or with
conditions that lower the seizure
threshold
potential for cognitive and motor
impairment abilify maintenance may
impair judgment thinking or motor skills
instruct patients to avoid operating
hazardous machinery including
automobiles until they are certain
abilify maintenance does not affect them
adversely
body temperature regulation disruption
of the body's ability to reduce core
body temperature has been attributed to
antipsychotic agents advise patients
regarding appropriate care in avoiding
overheating and dehydration appropriate
care is advised for patients who may
exercise strenuously may be exposed to
extreme heat receive concomitant
medication with anticholinergic activity
or are subject to dehydration
dysphagia esophageal dysmotility and
aspiration have been associated with
abilify maintenance use caution in
patients at risk for aspiration
pneumonia alcohol advise patients to
avoid alcohol while taking abilify
maintenance concomitant medication
dosage adjustments are recommended in
patients who are cyp 2d6 poor
metabolizers and in patients taking
concomitant cyp3a4 inhibitors or cyp2d6
inhibitors for greater than 14 days if
the cyp3a4 inhibitor or
cyp2d6 inhibitor is withdrawn the
abilify maintenance dosage may need to
be increased avoid the concomitant use
of cyp3a
inducers with abilify maintenance for
greater than 14 days because the blood
levels of aripiprazole are decreased and
may be below the effective levels dosage
adjustments are not recommended for
patients with concomitant use of cyp-3a4
inhibitors
cyp2d6 inhibitors or cyp3a4 inducers for
less than 14 days
most commonly observed adverse reaction
the safety profile of abilify antenna is
expected to be similar to that of oral
arapiprazole in patients who tolerated
and responded to oral aeropiperzole and
single-blind abilify maintenance and
were then randomized to receive abilify
maintenance or placebo injections the
incidence of adverse reactions was
similar between the two treatment groups
the adverse reaction greater than or
equal to five percent incidence and at
least twice the rate of placebo for oral
aripiprazole versus placebo respectively
was akathesia eight percent versus four
percent in adult patients with
schizophrenia
injection site reactions in the open
label stabilization phase of a study
with abilify maintenance in patients
with schizophrenia the percent of
patients reporting any injection
site-related adverse reaction was 6.3
percent for abilify maintenance treated
patients
dystonia is a class effect of
antipsychotic drugs
symptoms of dystonia may occur in
susceptible individuals during the first
days of treatment and at low doses
pregnancy nursing
based on animal data may cause fetal
harm abilify maintenance should be used
during pregnancy only if the potential
benefit justifies the potential risk to
the fetus aeropersol is excreted in
human breast milk a decision should be
made whether to discontinue nursing or
to discontinue the drug taking into
account the importance of the drug to
the mother please see accompanying full
prescribing information including boxed
warning for abilify maintenance
you

[Music]

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concomitant::adjective | Spocien Dictionary

concomitant

adjective

/kɑn'kɑmɪtənt/

occurring with or following as a consequence

Type	Words
Synonyms	accompanying, attendant, collateral, consequent, ensuant, incidental, resultant, sequent
Derivation	concomitance

concomitant::noun | Spocien Dictionary

concomitant

noun

/kɑn'kɑmɪtənt/

an event or situation that happens at the same time as or in connection with another

Type	Words
Synonyms	accompaniment, attendant, co-occurrence
Type of	natural event, happening, occurrence, occurrent
Has types	background, associate

Examples of concomitant

concomitant

It is disingenuous to favor increased taxes without addressing concomitant cuts.

From the sacbee.com

I believe Israel has a right to exist, and a concomitant right to defend itself.

From the theatlantic.com

One patient survived despite a concomitant injury to the internal jugular vein.

From the en.wikipedia.org

Many have concomitant health problems like bowel disease and seizure disorders.

From the forbes.com

Thus, in incipient form, modern cinema is born with its concomitant economics.

From the morningstaronline.co.uk

A possibility for a concomitant study in applied culture science is given as well.

From the en.wikipedia.org

Concomitant with the loss of cases, freedom of word order was greatly reduced.

From the en.wikipedia.org

Make maximum use of the powerplay overs and their concomitant field placings.

From the telegraph.co.uk

That simple step, without wielding a concomitant stick, is all that's needed.

From the guardian.co.uk

More examples

Accompaniment: an event or situation that happens at the same time as or in connection with another
Attendant: following or accompanying as a consequence; "an excessive growth of bureaucracy, with attendant problems"; "snags incidental to the changeover in management"; "attendant circumstances"; "the period of tension and consequent need for military preparedness"; "the ensuant response to his ...
(Concomitantly) Concomitant drugs are two or more drugs used or given at or almost at the same time (one after the other, on the same day, etc.). The term has two contextual uses: as used in medicine or as used in drug abuse.
Something happening or existing at the same time; Happening at the same time as something else, especially because one thing is related to or causes the other, i.e. concurrent
(concomitantly) at the same time as; incidentally to
(concomitants) all species in a matrix excluding the analyte.
Occurring simultaneously. Refers to symptoms that happen at the same time as the chief complaint. One of the parts of a complete symptom.
Accompanied by or occurring at the same time. Concomitant therapies are those that are used together.
Accompanying a condition or circumstance.

How to pronounce concomitant in English?

concomitant::adjective | Spocien Dictionary

abandonment

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concomitant::noun | Spocien Dictionary

abandonment

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Examples of concomitant

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