The colouring material used to blacken the transparent PVC plastic mix is carbon black, which increases the strength of the disc and makes it opaque.
From the en.wikipedia.org
For decoration, the process of colouring yarn or the finished material is dyeing.
From the en.wikipedia.org
The red colouring could come from material brought up from deeper within Jupiter's atmosphere and then altered by the Sun's radiation.
From the newscientist.com
Certain modern processes for reproducing texts and illustrations, however, are no longer dependent on the mechanical concept of pressure or even on the material concept of colouring agent.
From the en.wikipedia.org
The colouring of metals with nanometre-thick films of inexpensive material may prove useful in various aspects of design and the visual arts.